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The Epic Interactive Encyclopedia 1998
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Epic Interactive Encyclopedia, The - 1998 Edition (1998)(Epic Marketing).iso
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Duvalier,_Francois
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1992-09-02
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1907-1971. Right-wing president of Haiti
1957-71. Known as Papa Doc, he ruled as a
dictator, organizing the Tontons Macoutes
(`bogeymen') as a private security force to
intimidate and assassinate opponents of his
regime. He rigged the 1961 elections in order
to have his term of office extended until
1967, and in 1964 declared himself president
for life. He was excommunicated by the
Vatican for harassing the church, and was
succeeded on his death by his son Jean-Claude
Duvalier.